Recommended Reading

ADIVAR, H. EDIP. The Turkish Ordeal. The Century Co., New York, 1928 (Reprint: Hyperion Press, Westport, 1981).

AKURGAL, E. (ed.). The Art and Architecture of Turkey. Oxford University Press, 1980.

BERKES, N. The Development of Secularism in Turkey. McGill University Press, Montreal, 1964.

BIRNBAUM, E. Turkey: from cosmopolitan empire to nation state. In: Savory, R.M. (ed.). Introduction to Islamic Civilisation. Cambridge University Press, 1976, pp. 179-188.

COLES, P. The Ottoman Impact on Europe. Thames and Hudson, London, 1968.

DAVISON, R.H. Turkey - A Short History. The Eothen Press, Walkington, 1981.

DODD, C.H. Democracy and Development in Turkey. The Eothen Press, Walkington, 1979.

DODD, C.H. The Crisis of Turkish Democracy. The Eothen Press, Walkington, 1983.

GÜRÜN, K. The Armenian File. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, 1985.

HALMAN, T.S. (ed.). Turkey from Empire to Nation. Review of National Literatures (vol. IV, no. 1), St John’s University, New York, 1973.

INALCIK, H. The Ottoman Empire. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, 1973.

KARPAT, K. Social Change and Politics in Turkey. E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1973.

KARPAT, K. (ed.). The Ottoman State and Its Place in World History. E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1974.

KARPAT, K. Millets and Nationality: The Roots of the Incongruity of Nation and State in the Post-Ottoman Era. In: Braude, B. and Lewis, B. (eds), Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire. New York, 1982, pp. 141-169.

KARPAT, K. The Social and Political Foundations of Nationalism in South-East Europe after 1878: A Reinterpretation. In: Der Berliner Kongress von 1878. Franz Steiner Verlag GMBH, Wiesbaden, 1982, pp. 385-410.

KAZANCIGIL, A. and ÖZBUDUN, E. (eds). Atatürk: Founder of a Modern State. C. Hurst and Co., London, 1981.

KENT, M. Oil and Empire - British Policy and Mesopotamian Oil, 1900-1920. Macmillan, London, 1976.

KENT, M. The Great Powers and the End of the Ottoman Empire. Allen and Unwin, London, 1984.

KINROSS, L. Atatürk: The Rebirth of a Nation. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, 1964.

KINROSS, L. The Ottoman Centuries - The Rise and Fall of the Turkish Empire. Jonathan Cape, London, 1977.

LEWIS, B. The Emergence of Modern Turkey. Oxford University Press, 1968.

LEWIS, G. Modern Turkey. Benn, London, 1974 (4th Edition).

SHAW, S. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey (2 vols). Cambridge University Press, 1976.

TASKIRAN, T. Women in Turkey. Redhouse Press, Istanbul, 1976.

UNESCO (Turkish National Commission). Atatürk: Biography. Turkish Historical Society Press, Ankara, 1980.

VILLALTA, J.B. Atatürk. Turkish Historical Society, Series XVI, No. 39-1, Ankara, 1982.